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Alan Trefler : World Open Chess Champion & the Founder-CEO of Pegasystems

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Alan Trefler is a chess master and successful entrepreneur, who keeps a low profile for its multi-billion company. Having a bright future in Chess and winning against multiple grandmasters, Trefler decided to stick to software development, that too proved to be the best of his decisions. Although he has not entirely left the game, he still plays the exhibition matches with former grandmasters of the game.

Early Life

Alan Trefler was born on 15 March 1956, in Boston, Massachusetts. His father Eric Trefler was the owner of an art and furniture restorer, named Trefler’s, and his mother, Dorothy Trefler, was a schoolteacher. He spent his childhood in Brookline, Massachusetts, living with his parents and brother Leon.

Alan Trefler
Image Source: Forbes

Trefler attended the Brookline High School and became a chess champion there, winning numerous school level chess competitions. As a teenager, he started his first part-time job at his father’s shop. In 1973, he joined Dartmouth College, where he studied economics and computer science. In 1975, he participated in the World Open Chess Championship and won the championship against the grandmaster Pal Benko.

Career

After completing his B.S., Trefler joined his first job at Casher Associates Inc., in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, as the project manager. He got the job even he was underqualified for it, as the company needed an employee on an urgent basis. Although Trefler could easily pursue his Chess career, he chose to work in a software company.

After leaving the job as the project manager, Trefler joined a software engineering firm. Later, in 1980, he successfully built a computer system that could play chess. In the same year, he started working at TMI Systems, as the team leader.

Founding Pegasystems

In April 1983, Trefler left TMI Systems, to found his own software company, named Pegasystems. He was 27, when he started the company, with an aim to enable business people to more directly instruct the machine and get the computer to really understand how business people wanted things to work. He became the CEO and the chairman of the company, and in 1996, the company went public on NASDAQ. The United States govt conferred a patent to Trefler, for Pegasystems’ distinctive rules-based architecture, which provides the framework for Pegasystems’ business process management (BPM) solutions.

The American Business Awards presented Trefler with the Stevie Award for Computer Software CEO of the Year, in 2009. He was also named the Public Company CEO of the Year, in 2011, by the Massachusetts Technology Leadership Council. Pegasystems entered into the field of telecommunications and healthcare when it acquired Chordiant for around $161.5 million. By the beginning of the year 2015, the company had 3,000 employees and 30 offices.

Personal Life

In 1992, Trefler married an investment banker, Pamela. The couple resides in Brookline, Massachusetts. Both of them are active philanthropists and in 1995, donated $1 million to Dorchester High School in Dorchester, Boston. In 1997, they founded The Trefler Foundation that aims to improve the urban education system. Trefler also competed in a charity chess tournament alongside grandmasters such as Garry Kasparov and Boaz Weinstein, in 2010. In March 2017, he appeared on the Forbes Billionaire’s List for the first time. He also published a book named Build for Change in 2014.

Don Valentine : The Legendary Venture Capitalist of the Silicon Valley

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A start-up always is an unpredictable and a doubtful move for any of the founders as well as its investors. But taking risks is the key to innovations. To attract the investors the founders must have a convincing idea and a self-belief so that the investors can also trust them. Donald T. Valentine is one of the biggest venture capitalists in Silicon Valley, and the founder of Sequoia Capital, who has been the investor for various new ideas, resulting in the foundation of many famous multi-billion companies. According to Don, the start-ups are compelling, as the survival is the prime motivation for the people who are behind it.

Early Life

Donald T. Valentine spent his childhood in the suburbs of New York. He was born on 26 June 1932, in Yonkers, New York. His father was a minor official in labour unions in the Teamsters and worked all his life to earn his living. Donald joined a nearby Catholic school at the Fordham University, and himself is a Catholic. After completing the school, he entered the same university to pursue an undergraduate degree in Arts.

Founding Sequoia

In the early 50’s, Don got a chance to work for the military and was moved to California for some time. There he came to know the very first time that there are also some places in the world, where it did not snow. He liked the fact so much that he decided to move to such a place. After he was back in New York, he joined the Sylvania Electric, where he worked at various different projects. The company was the manufacturer of the cathode-ray tubes, semiconductor, and the vacuum tubes. Just after some time of working in the company, he was promoted to the sales engineering department and was transferred to California, the place, where he always intended to be.

Don Valentine
Image Source: alchetron.com

In California, Valentine was introduced to a bigger industry and was convinced that there is much more than vacuum tubes, and the future is all about the semiconductor. In 1959, he joined the start-up company, Fairchild Semiconductor, in Los Angeles, as one of the first West Coast salesmen of the company. After working in Fairchild for seven years, he left the company and subsequently, switched between almost ten other companies, before joining the National Semiconductor, as the senior sales and marketing executive, in 1967.

Valentine founded a venture capital firm Sequoia Capital, in 1972. The company was focussed on the investments to small, risky tech companies. The firm’s first investment was to the startup company Atari (1975). Sequoia has financed probably six hundred different companies, including LSI Logic, Oracle Corporation, Cisco, Electronic Arts, Google, YouTube, etc.

Don has served as a member of the boards of dozens of those companies, for a long time. Also, Sequoia was one of the original investors of Apple Computer. Valentine met Steve Jobs when he was a line engineer at Atari and financed Apple Inc., with $150,000 as its capital investment, in 1978. He is the former Chairman of NetApp and Traiana. He was featured in the 2011’s documentary film Something Ventured. He has also been called the “grandfather of Silicon Valley venture capital”.

Pavel Durov : The Founder of Hack-Proof Messenger App Telegram

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A believer of no government and a pure vegetarian, Pavel Durov is a Russian entrepreneur, who was among the most promising Northern European leader under 30, in 2014. He is leading a life on his own rules. Known as the Russian Mark Zuckerberg, Durov surely is inspired by the same and has a few similarities with the life of the American entrepreneur. Pavel Durov, who founded the social media platforms, Vkontakte, the most visited websites in some Eurasian countries (2017), and Telegram, is working towards protecting the users’ data from governmental data requests.

Early Life

Durov was born on 10 October 1984, in St. Petersburg, Russia, to Valery Semenovich Durov and Albina Durova. His father is a Doctor of Philological Sciences, and his grandfather Semyon Petrovich Tulyakov participated in the second World War. His brother Nikolai Durov is a mathematician and a programmer, who later, co-founded Telegram and VK, with Pavel Durov.

Pavel spent most of his childhood in Turin, Italy, where he attended the Italian elementary school. In 2001, the family returned to Russia, and he joined the Academy Gymnasium, in St. Petersburg. He became inclined towards programming languages while in school. After completing the school, Pavel went to the Saint Petersburg State University and earned a degree in Philology.

Career Rise with Vkontakte

Soon after Durov completed his college, he started working on a social media network, as he was inspired by the success of Facebook. He named his project as Vkontakte and started the beta testing of the same, in September 2006. Just after a month, he bought the domain for Vkontakte and opened the registrations to the website for the students of the Saint Petersburg State University.

Pavel Durov
Image Source: eyerys.com

Early in the next year, the website registered more than 100000 users and became the second largest social networking website, in Russia. The rapid growth of the platform, brought a trio of Russian-Israeli investors, Vyacheslav Mirilashvili and Lev Leviev, to invest in the website, acquiring 60%, 10%, and 10% stakes in the company, respectively. Later, the 39.99% shares were acquired by Mail.ru Group. By the year 2014, the Mail.ru Group was able to acquire 52% of the shares in the Vkontakte.

After losing most of his shares, Durov faced a lot of trouble in maintaining his position in the company. He received offers from the few of the political parties of Russia to sell the data of the Vkontakte users, to them. But, he never accepted. In fact, in 2012, he was asked to remove the groups, from Vkontakte, that were protesting against the Russian President Vladimir Putin, but again he denied. At that time he emerged as a libertarian hero for the dedicated protesting groups.

On 1 April 2014, as an April Fool prank, Durov presented his resign in front of the board members of Vkontakte. But, he got caught into his own prank, when, on 21 April 2014, he got dismissed from his post. The reason behind his dismissal was that he failed to withdraw his resignation, within the fixed time.

Founding Telegram

According to Durov, his resignation and getting out of the company was a result of his resistance from sharing the user’s data with the political parties. During the same time, he was working on a secret project. He had started working on the project early in 2012, with his brother, Nikolai Durov, who was the lead programmer of the project. Pavel Durov financed the project and had launched it in August 2013, as Telegram. After his dismissal from his company, he flew to Buffalo, New York, where he established his secret company. He also took some of his Vkontakte employees with him, to New York to continue working on Telegram.

After moving to New York, he also obtained the citizenship of Saint Kitts and Nevis, through donating $250,000 to the country’s Sugar Industry Diversification Foundation. He implanted his employees in various parts of the world, due to the complicated documentation formalities for each of his employees. Basically, controls the working of his company from his secret office in New York.

Telegram was an instant hit, as the app did not allow any third party to use the data of the Telegram users. Also, the secret chat feature of the app does not have any cloud backup. The success of the app can be measured from the 200 million monthly active users reported at the beginning of 2018, and a 50 per cent rise in the annual profits of the company in 2017.

In 2017, with 23-page white paper and a detailed 132-page technical paper, Durov launched a blockchain platform, named as Telegram Open Network (TON). Reportedly, the ICO raised $1.7 billion in April 2018.

Personal Life

Pavel Durov calls himself a libertarian and is living a private life. His past life was filled with a number of controversies and politics. Hence, he maintains his life as private as possible. He, also, never discloses the address to his secret office, established in New York, to avoid influencers from the media and government. Allegedly, he along with his brother, migrates to different places after a certain period of time, in self-imposed exile.

Mike Lazaridis : The Canadian Entrepreneur & the Co-Inventor of BlackBerry

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A lover of science and a visionary innovator, Mike Lazaridis, is the one, who is known as the father of Smartphones, in the global wireless community. A science lover and a philanthropist, he is the true supporter of the power of basic science to improve and transform the world. With the development of wireless technology, Lazaridis changed the world of communication to an extent. He is one of the most influential people of the world, who have contributed and are continuously contributing to the betterment of the world with their inventions.

Early life

Lazaridis was born on 14 March 1961, in Istanbul, Turkey. His parents belonged to the Pontic Greek dialect, who later moved to Canada, in 1966, when Lazaridis was just five years of age. The family settled down in Windsor, Ontario, where he found his first love, i.e., Science, in the Windsor Public Library. He loved reading the scientific facts and was fascinated by how things worked. His love for reading books led him to win an award, at the age of 12, for reading every science book in the Windsor Public Library. He was a science enthusiast and spent most of his childhood, in the basement of his house, assembling and building, rockets and radios, along with his friends. He even built buzzer for the popular game Reach For The Top, when he was in high school.

Founding RIM

In 1979, he entered the University of Waterloo, where he adopted electrical engineering with an option in computer science. But, only before two months of his graduation, he dropped out of the college, to found his company, Research In Motion (RIM), to fulfil a contract that he received from the General Motors, in 1984. The contract included the requirement for developing a network computer control display system. Lazaridis founded the company along with his friends Mike Barnstijn and Douglas Fregin, with the money Lazaridis’ parents had lent them through a loan. The company later developed barcode technology for a film, that was the greatest accomplishment for a newly set up company.

Mike Lazaridis
Image Source: www.wlu.ca

By 1988, RIM was the first North American wireless data technology developer company. It also developed connectivity products for Mobitex wireless packet-switched data communications networks, becoming the first company outside Scandinavia, to do so.

The company was involved in emerging wireless technology and in the year 1999, it had scored many patents based on the same technology under its name. It had developed the DigiSync Film KeyKode Reader, Mobitex protocol converter, Mobitex point-of-sale solution, RIMGate Mobitex X.25 gateway, Freedom-Type II PCMCIA radio modem for Mobitex. In 1996, RIM developed the first two-way messaging pager, a competitor of Skytel two-way paging network developed by Motorola, that was named as Inter@ctive Pager.

BlackBerry the Smartphone Startup

In 1999, under the name of RIM, Lazaridis, developed the BlackBerry 850 pager. The device was based on the BlackBerry Enterprise Server, that could receive push email from a Microsoft Exchange Server. RIM, in April 2000, launched its first BlackBerry smartphone named as BlackBerry 957. The smartphone used the encryption and S/MIME, providing high security for the user data, making the phones popular in no time. The following smartphone range from RIM was also launched with the same prefix Blackberry, that became its trade name. The next smartphone launch included the BlackBerry Pearl 8100 (the first BlackBerry phone having multimedia features), Curve 8300 series and Bold 9000.

As in 2007, Apple launched iPhone and encouraged RIM to launch its first touchscreen phone, the BlackBerry Storm, launched in 2008. Till the fall of 2010, the company had 21 million BlackBerry users in the united states. The company also expanded worldwide having 79 million BlackBerry users globally. In 2012, Lazaridis and Balsillie became the co-CEOs of the company. Only after one year of Lazaridis’ joining as the co-CEO of RIM, he resigned on 28 March 2013 from his post.

Personal Life

Lazaridis is married to Ophelia, along with whom, he has participated in various philanthropy works. The two have donated money for various research works, like for the establishment of the Perimeter Institute for Research in Theoretical Physics, the Institute for Quantum Computing in the University of Waterloo, and establishing a building for Nanotechnology Engineering program, in the same university. He is one of the members of the board of governors of the University of Waterloo and served as the vice-chancellor of the university between 2003 to 2009.

Lazaridis was awarded an Academy Award and an Emmy Award for his technical achievements. In 1999, he received an honorary doctorate degree from the University of Waterloo.

The Journey of the World’s Largest Telecom Company

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at&t
Image Source: cbsistatic.com

Telecommunication industry is considered the most progressive industry in the world. In the past more than a hundred years, from its origin to until now, it has seen a radical change. The time changed, but the company that belonged to the inventor of the telephone, Graham Bell, is still standing strong as the leading multinational conglomerate holding company. AT&T known as the largest telecommunication company has its own part in the history of the development of the telecom industry.

Birth of AT&T

After the discovery of the telephone, Graham Bell founded a company named the Bell Telephone Company, in 1880. By 1885, the company evolved as the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, the AT&T Co. AT&T, later, acquired the Bell Telephone Company, in December 1899. It started getting a hold on the customers in Canada and the United States, resulting in AT&T’s monopoly in the telecommunication industry. This growing monopoly of AT&T provoked the US government to drag the company to the court for an antitrust challenge. Later, it was settled outside the court on the basis of the Kingsbury Commitment, resulting in the government-authorised monopoly with the name of Bells System. The merger continued for the entire 20th century. Also, the company became the largest telephone company in the world.

After continuing for over 80 years, in 1981, the government-authorised monopoly was dissolved by the US regulations and resulted in the origin of smaller companies, including the Southwestern Bell. All the smaller companies started due to the break-up of the monopoly were known as Regional Bell Operating Companies or Baby Bells. The breaking-up of the monopoly also resulted in a rise in competition for AT&T as other independent telecommunication companies, like MCI and Sprint also came into the business.

The new Southwestern Bell company was founded by Robert G. Pope, who led the company with some really successful acquisitions. The company not only worked in the telecommunication but also acquired some of the cable companies and entered into the business of cable connections. In 1990, the company was rebranded as SBC Communications. The success of the company led it to the list of top 500 Fortune companies, in 1999.

In 2005, the SBC Communications was rebranded again, as AT&T Co., after it acquired its previous parent company, AT&T, for $16 billion. It also retained the iconic logo and stock-trading symbol of older AT&T.

Current Status & Achievements

The AT&T’s acquisition was followed by the other important ones as well, including the Mexican carrier Iusacell (2014), NII Holdings (2014), DirecTV (2015), Time Warner (2016), etc. The DirecTV deal was worth $48.5 billion and AT&T spent $108.7 billion for the acquisition of Time Warner. By 2017, AT&T became the world’s largest telecommunications company and second largest provider of the mobile telephone. AT&T is also the largest provider of fixed telephone services in the United States.

Alan Mamedi : The Person Who Made the Phonebook of a Smartphone Smarter

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The telephone is the most useful invention by humans. The era changed and brought the revolution in the telephone industry, jumping from two-piece landlines to a chordless smartphone. But, one thing that was constant, the reception of blank calls and cold calls. Even at the time of landlines, people could not identify the caller, as there was no medium that could show the identity of the caller. But, yes, later on, the caller Ids, did help to an extent. However, it was still impossible to recognise the callers from the new numbers. The same problem remained in the time of the mobiles and smartphones as well. But, Alan Mamedi, a developer from Sweden, came to the rescue and gifted the much-awaited app Truecaller to the world.

Early Life

Mamedi was born on 30 October 1984, in an Iranian family. His mother was a Kurd, and his father was an Iranian political leader. After the Iranian revolution took place, his family brought him to Sweden. He was a bright student and completed a B.sc degree in Computer Science, from The Royal Institute of Technology, in Stockholm Sweden.

Alan Mamedi
Image Source: techinasia.com

After completing his education, Mamedi started working as a Salesman at The Phone House and stayed at the same company for two years. With an experience of two years and a graduate degree in Computer Science, Mamedi got inspired to start his own company. In 2006, Mamedi founded ‘Bidding.se’, an auction website, where the one with the lowest bid would win the auction. The website was a success, and Mamedi received an offer to sell it, within three months of its launch.

In 2007, Mamedi again came with another product, Möbeljakt.se, that became the largest search engine, working in Sweden, for the home interior. In 2008, he started working as the Chief Architect at Birdstep Technology and Företagsinformation i Mediaportalen, at the same position, for the next two years.

In 2009, Mamedi launched Jobbigt.se, an employer review website, known to be the biggest employer network in Sweden. Through the website, people could post reviews about their current or previous employers.

Founding Truecaller

After the launch of Jobbigt.se, Mamedi started receiving calls from those employers, who had got bad reviews on Jobbigt.se. The employers wanted Mamedi to delete those bad reviews as those were affecting their reputation.

This incident made Mamedi, think and discuss the matter with his old friend Nami Zarringhalam, as he was receiving unlimited calls regarding the same. The discussion also included the issue of increasing cold-calls, invading the privacy of people. At the time, there was no such software that could help in avoiding those kinds of calls and identify the new numbers. The two came to the conclusion that there must be a software that can handle those issues. The software must have a caller ID so that people could decide the priority of the call. With the intense discussion, Mamedi and Zarringhalam finally decided to create a new app; Truecaller.

On 1 July 2009, Mamedi released the initial version of Truecaller, under the name of his company True Software Scandinavia AB. The company was founded by Alan Mamedi and Nami Zarringhalam in the same year and is situated in Stockholm, Sweden.

Initially, the app was launched for the BlackBerry smartphones, but due to huge success, it was also released for the Symbian and Microsoft Windows mobile phones. On 23 September 2009, the app became available for the iOS and Android phone users. By the year 2012, it was also launched for the RIM Blackberry, Windows Phone, and the Nokia Series 40, and it grew to five million global users in the same year.

Truecaller in 2012, received US$1.3 million funding from OpenOcean, a venture capital. In 2014, it also received an investment of $18.8 million from Sequoia Capital and $60 million from Niklas Zennstrom’s Atomico investment firm and from Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers.

Due to the increased user base in India, Truecaller also launched another app, exclusively for India, with name Truemessenger, that can identify the sender of a message.