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United Microelectronics Corporation

United Microelectronics Corporation – Taiwan’s First Semiconductor Company.

United Microelectronics Corporation is a chipmaker based in Taiwan with around a $10 billion market capitalization. It sells CMOS wafers, memory chips, and high-voltage integrated circuits, among other things. UMC has offices in Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, China, Singapore, the United States, and Europe, with over 17,000 employees worldwide.

About United Microelectronics Corporation

The silicon foundry business was where United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC) established its niche. UMC is a leading silicon foundry, or contract semiconductor maker, trailing only archival Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing. Design, engineering, manufacturing, packing, sorting, and testing are among the company’s production services. It supplies complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor logic wafers, mixed-signal wafers, radiofrequency complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor wafers, embedded memory products, high voltage integrated circuits, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor image sensors through its semiconductor foundry. UMC has offices in Taiwan, Japan, Korea, China, Europe, the United States, and Singapore, and it continues to expand capacity and invest in sophisticated manufacturing technology. Taiwan is the company’s largest market, accounting for 33% of net sales. Singapore (24 percent), the United States (12 percent), and China are the other key markets (9 percent ).

United Microelectronics Corporation
Image source: www.taipeitimes.com

UMC is aggressively developing internationally. The corporation invested $48 million in a subsidiary of Fujitsu Semiconductor, which has a 12-inch wafer manufacturing facility in Japan. In Xiamen, UMC has formed a joint venture with the city government of Xiamen and the state-owned Fujian Electronics and Information Group to establish a semiconductor fabrication plant. Starting in 2015, UMC will invest $1.35 billion in the initiative over five years. In January 2015, the company bought a 33 percent share in Xiamen-based chipmaker United Semiconductor as part of the plan. Taiwan’s first semiconductor company, UMC, was formed in 1980. Since 2012, Yen Po-wen, who joined UMC in 1986, has served as CEO.

Manufacturing Diversification

With numerous modern 300mm fabs in operation, UMC is a foundry production leader. Since 2002, Fab 12A in Tainan, Taiwan, has been producing client products in volume and is currently producing 14 and 28nm products. Phases 1&2, 3&4, and 5&6 make up the multi-phase complex, which is essentially three independent fabs. The entire monthly production capacity of Fab 12A is currently above 87,000 wafers. Fab 12i, UMC’s second 300mm fab, is located in Pasir Ris Wafer Park in Singapore. With a monthly capacity of 50,000 wafers, this second-generation 300mm plant is also in volume production. United Semi, UMC’s third 300mm fab in Xiamen, China, began volume production in Q4 2016. When fully equipped, United Semi’s overall design capacity is 50,000 wafers per month. In October of this year, UMC bought USJC in Japan. This 300mm fab in Mie Prefecture has a monthly capacity of 33,000 wafers for logic and specialty processes down to 40nm. UMC provides reliable and diversified manufacturing with leading production efficiency, thanks to its seven 200mm fabs and one 150mm specialized fab.

John Hsuan and Robert Tsao

From 1979 to 1981, Mr. Tsao was appointed Vice Chairman of the Electronics Research & Service Organization (ERSO), where he played an important role. He was a driving force behind the establishment of the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), where he oversaw the development of Taiwan’s first integrated circuit manufacturing line, which later became the foundation for United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), a semiconductor contract manufacturer that produced chips based on the designs of its customers.

John Hsuan, who is soft-spoken and aloof at times, has been a driving force behind UMC’s recent metamorphosis from a small Taiwanese chip producer to a major IC wafer foundry. UMC was one of the first foundries to implement a 0.25-micron process, is a pioneer in 0.18-micron technology, and aims to ship products with copper interconnects early next year. UMC is the world’s second-largest pure-play foundry, behind Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd., with sales expected to increase from $1.3 billion in 1998 to $1.75 billion this year.

renesas electronics

Renesas Electronics – A Japanese Semiconductor Company That Merged With NEC Electronics In The Last Decade.

Renesas Electronics was originally known as Renesas Technology when the company was established in 2002. The company is one of the leading suppliers of semiconductor equipment across the globe. In the early 2000s, Renesas was the sixth-largest semiconductor company in the entire world. There are many semiconductor companies that were established in the past 100 years that either ended up merging with other companies or spinning off some of their divisions. Renesas Electronics was also a product of the merger between the semiconductor units of Hitachi and Mitsubishi. The business of dynamic random access memory was kept separated in the case of both companies.

About Renesas Electronics

Renesas Electronics Corporation is based in Tokyo, Japan. The company started operating as Renesas Electronics in 2010 after it integrated with NEC Electronics. Renesas is currently a global leader as a provider of complete semiconductor solutions which include microcontrollers, power, SoC products, and analog. The products developed by Renesas are extensively used in home electronics, industrial equipment, the automotive industry, etc. The main four growth segments of the company are automotive, industrial, infrastructure, and IoT so that they can intelligently deliver solutions people use in their day-to-day lives.

renesas electronics
Image source: businesswire.com

History Of The Company

Renesas Technology became official in April 2003 as the non-DRAM joint venture of Hitachi and Mitsubishi. Hitachi owned 55 percent of the joint company while Mitshubhi owned the rest of it. In 2010, when NEC Electronics merged with Renesas Technology, the DRAM business was kept separate. And, the non-DRAM chip business of these three companies became a part of Elpida Memory which came under the acquisition of Micron Technology. In 2010, when Renesas Technology merged with NEC Electronics, the joint entity became the fourth largest semiconductor company in the world in terms of revenue generated.

After Renesas Technology became Renesas Electronics, the same year Renesas Mobile Corporation was formed. This new unit was created by merging the Mobile Multimedia Business Unit of Renesas and the Nokia Wireless Modem Business Unit (which was acquired by Renesas). Only after a year of new mergers and a big acquisition, the company suffered heavily in 2011 due to the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, and flooding in Thailand.

After the calamity, in 2012 Renesas decided to restructure the entire organization from manufacturing to sales in all 20 countries. The aim was to create an optimized business structure and increase profit. Renesas received investment from INCJ and other key clients of the company. By 2013, the company was able to raise $130 billion in capital and used it for several developmental purposes from plant improvements to making acquisitions.

Operations And Acquisitions

In 2013, a major part of the Renesas Mobile Communication was acquired by Broadcom and after the allotment of third-party shares, INCJ became the largest shareholder of the company. The company focussed exclusively on company restructuring soon after Renesas Electronics was formed. So, in the first three years, there was more or less no profit in the business. In 2014, the company recorded its first-ever profit and started operating as Renesas Electronics Corporation. The same year, the company decided to withdraw from the 4G wireless business which resulted in the consolidation of Renesas Mobile Communication.

Soon, the company also sold its display driver unit to Synaptics. In 2016, Renesas made a huge acquisition for $3.2 billion and the name of the company is Intersil. The deal was successfully closed in 2017. Renesas eventually entered the market of the self-driving car concept as it is one of the most demanding technologies in the 21st century. In 2018, Renesas acquired Integrated Device Technology for $6.5 billion and its latest acquisition is Dialog Semiconductor.

Hidetoshi Shibata – CEO of Renesas Electronics

Hidetoshi Shibata is the current CEO and President of Renesas Electronics. He completed his education from the University of Tokyo followed by Harvard Business School. His career started with a job in Central Japan Railway and he was also the executive managing director at INCJ. Hidetoshi joined Renesas in 2013 as the executive vice president and CFO of the company.

STMicroelectronics

STMicroelectronics – A Multinational Company Which is the Largest Semiconductor Chip Maker in Europe.

STMicroelectronics is the largest semiconductor chip maker in terms of revenue in Europe. The company uses the most advanced innovations intelligently and efficiently for making chips. STMicroelectronics company was established as a result of merging a French and an Italian company in 1987. The companies are, namely, Thomson Semiconducteurs (French) and SGS Microelettronica (Italian). STMicroelectronics is mostly famous as ST. The main headquarters of the company is based in Geneva, Switzerland. Since ST operates across the globe it has other headquarters in various regions including Texas, Singapore, Shanghai, and Tokyo. The company is currently led by Jean-Marc Chery (CEO and President).

About STMicroelectronics

The chips manufactured today are highly complex because of their multipurpose functions and high efficiency. In everyday life, we use devices that have several chips integrated into them. And, it is through these chips that ST is creating a big influence in our life. We are not even aware of how often we use products that have ST chips embedded in it. From factory machines to an electric toothbrush, ST has its advanced chips embedded everywhere. ST currently has 46,000 employees and more than 100,000 customers who have created a strong community. With extensive collaboration and advanced research labs, ST is very dedicated to R&D. Every year, 16 percent of the total revenue of the company is invested in R&D across the world. The company’s main target is to become carbon neutral and operate fully in renewable energy by 2027.

STMicroelectronics
Image source: www.eetasia.com

History of Company

In 1987, the merger of Thomson Semiconducteurs and SGS Microelettronica, two government-owned semiconductor companies marked the foundation of ST. After the merger, the new company was named SGS-THOMSON, and then it was renamed STMicroelectronics in 1998 as Thomson sold its shares. The company soon became one of the leading semiconductor manufacturers and ranked among the top 20 semiconductor suppliers. ST became a publicly-traded company in 1994 as it filed its first IPO both in Paris and New York Stock Exchange.

ST expanded its business in other continents as it started acquiring geographically diverse businesses from the late 1980s. It started off with the acquisition of Inmos, a British company in 1989 followed by the semiconductor division of Nortel, a Canadian company. In 2000, ST acquired WaterScale Integration Inc, a company based in California for flash memory-based chips. In 2002, ST acquired the microelectronics division of Alcatel which helped the company enter into the wireless-LAN market. ST also acquired a leading company in video processing technology called Genesis Microchip (a US-based company) in 2007. This company has design centers in Asian countries as well which strengthens the market of ST even more. ST also went into a joint partnership with Motorola and TSMC for designing a new tech. The company eventually became one of the top 5 companies from ranking in the top 20 list within a decade.

Present Day

ST’s strong passion to build more efficient products based on advanced tech led to another joint venture with Intel in 2007. This partnership started in the memory application called Numonyx and it led to the merger of ST and the activities of Intel Flash Memory. NXP is one of the leading semiconductor companies and in 2008 ST announced a joint venture with the company for their mobile activities. Another partnership started in 2009 which included Ericsson Mobile Platforms and ST-NXP Wireless.

ST is currently working on three major fields, namely, Smart Mobility, Power & Energy, and IoT & 5G. The company has designed car electrification solutions that will help manufacturers build better electric vehicles at affordable rates. ST has always focused on better energy management and being an active participant in the green technology movement, the company is using wide bandgap materials like Silicon Carbide and Gallium Nitride for saving energy.

Jean-Marc Chery – CEO of STMicroelectronics

Jean Marc Chery, an engineer by profession, has been serving as the President and CEO of the company since 2018. Jean was a part of the Thomson Semiconducteurs before the merger and worked in various management positions, product planning, and manufacturing. He is also the President of the European Semiconductor Industry Association (ESIA), President of the European microelectronics R&D program AENEAS, etc.

ASE Group

ASE Group – Story Of A Chinese Semiconductor Company Founded By Two Brothers.

The ASE Group is also known as the Advanced Semiconductor Engineering Inc. Jason Chang and Richard Chang founded the company in 1984. ASE Group is a publicly-traded company that mainly provides independent semiconductor assembling and testing services. The company’s headquarters is based in Kaohsiung, Taiwan and it operates on a global scale. The ASE Group and the Siliconware Precision Industries (SPIL) decided to form a new holding company in 2016. While the companies retained their legal entities, management, and staff there was a change in their operating models and independent operations.

About ASE Group

Being a leading provider of independent semiconductor manufacturing services, ASE Group offers turnkey solutions for front-end engineering tests, IC packaging, design of interconnect materials, etc. The entire process of semiconductor manufacturing consists of several steps, and among them, ASE is capable of a front-end engineering test, water probing, packaging, and final testing. ASE has a team of highly experienced and skilled engineers to strive to conduct rigorous research and develop the most advanced assembly technologies. To date, the company has 18 smart factories and 48,000 employees worldwide.

ASE Group
Image source: businesswire.com

A Brief History Of Tthe ASE Group

Jason Chang and his brother Richard Chang founded the ASE Group in 1984. They established their first plant in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Currently, Jason Chang serves as the Chairman of the company. The company had crossed several big marks in due time and became the world’s largest provider of independent semiconductor test manufacturing services and assembly. In 2018, Advanced Semiconductor Engineering Inc became a part of the ASE Technology Holding Company Ltd and it is listed both on NYSE and Taiwan Stock Exchange.

Before the company went into a joint venture with SPIL, ASE Group’s market capitalization summed up to $8.77 billion. Last year, the company established its first 5G mmWave smart factory. ASE Group is very much focused on creating a sustainable environment and it has also won various awards for sustainability. A few months ago, the company achieved the 20 million tons mark of saving water with its water management strategy.

Advanced Technologies And Sustainability

ASE Group is the largest company on a global scale for independent semiconductor manufacturing tests and assembly. The company was able to reach the top with its leading advanced technology and volume production. ASE Group has developed advanced packaging technologies with the time that can be used for electronics packaging over a broad range of sectors from healthcare to smart homes. Some of these technologies are Fan Out Packaging, System-in-Package, 2.5D & 3D, etc.

Pledging towards developing a greener environment is becoming a common goal for every industry. ASE Group is continuously engaged in finding ways to optimize waste generation and minimize greenhouse gas emissions along with recycling as many resources as possible. Since 2012, ASE has been making improvements to its existing facilities and also constructing new manufacturing facilities maintaining the international Green Building Standards. ASE Group currently has 18 smart factories and one of them became the world’s first semiconductor packaging plant to get a certification of low carbon building. Five times in a row, ASE became the industry leader in the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices. Also, ASE continuously associates with various NGOs, academic institutions, government, and other stakeholders of the company for supporting social development.

About The Founders

Jason Chang is a Taiwanese/Singaporean billionaire according to the Forbes 2020 billionaires list ranked 836. Jason Chang is an electrical engineer who completed his education at National Taiwan University followed by the Illinois Institute of Technology. He is the recipient of the Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International SEMI Award (2015).

Richard Chang is the Vice President of Advanced Semiconductor Engineering. His total worth is approximately $6 billion. He is also an investor who along with Jason Chang is investing in Sino Horizon (a Chinese real estate developer).

Realtek

Realtek – A Taiwanese Semiconductor Company Focused on Developing Low-Cost Electronic Devices.

Realtek is a leading cutting edge semiconductor company founded in 1987. Realtek has expanded its primary products and solutions throughout the following years. The company took a big leap when it acquired Avance Logic in 1995 and improved its audio technology solutions. Avance was an independent subsidiary till 2002 and then it was integrated into Realtek’s Audio Solutions. Currently, the company is operating with approximately 5,000 employees and its headquarters is based in Hsinchu, Taiwan. The company invests significantly in research and development facilities and 78 percent of the total employees exclusively work for the same as well.

The Early Days of Realtek

Founded in 1987, Realtek made a breakthrough when it invented Realtek’s RTG3108 High-Performance Window Accelerator Chipset. The product received appreciation and was awarded the Innovative Product Award from Hsinchu Science Park Administration. In 1995, the company got certified as an ISO9001 registered company and after a couple of years rolled out Realtek Single-Chip Fast Ethernet Controller. Realtek received a New Product Development Award for this new controller and the company was also approved for the Taiwan Over-The-Counter Securities Exchange list. Next year, Company made it into the list of companies approved for the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

Realtek
Image source: www.lifewire.com

Realtek in 21st Century

Realtek brought some major new innovations into the semiconductor market as it started focusing on its R&D department. In 2000, the company received a huge R&D grant from the Hsinchu Science Park Administration for building a very fast ethernet transceiver. The same year, Realtek became the recipient of MOEA’s Most Outstanding Award for Industrial Technology Advancement. In 2001, Realtek rolled out a Multi-mode Single-Chip 10/100M Fast Ethernet Controller which also received Component Design Award by EDN Asia Magazine.

In 2002, the company received another round for an R & D fund and this time it was for a media access controller and a high-performing multifunction peripheral controller. The company received a lot of fame this year as it was featured in Taiwan’s Microelectronics Magazine as one of the top ten global electronic component providers. the company also made it into the Forbes list in 2003 as it became Global 200 Best Small Companies. The innovations kept on brewing in the R&D sector of Realtek and every year it came up with more than one impressive product. This led to the opening of a new building of the company in 2005. In 2009, the company won’t the prestigious National Invention and Creation Award. In the following years, the company started making progress in digital media and also enhanced on designing sustainable products.

Company in Present Day

Realtek’s contribution to creating a better environment through designing more green products was awarded by the country. It received Taiwan Green Classics Award in 2011 Industrial Sustainable Excellence Award and Superior Enterprise Innovation Award all in the same year. In recent years, Company has proven to be one of the best companies with significant contributions in IoT applications, mobiles, and wearables, car electronics, IC & Components, etc.

The demand for the company’s chips has also increased especially during the pandemic as the consumer base for smart devices and gadgets have splurged unexpectedly. This is one of the biggest reasons why not only Realtek but every semiconductor business, in general, faced an increase in demand for chips from the last year. In 2021, the company also launched a new gaming network total solution that bagged Computex D&I Awards of this year. Realtek designs products on a very wide range of semiconductor components. But, some of their signature products that have contributed to their global presence are BlueTooth TWS with ANC solution, Low-Power AI IP Camera, 8K Video Decoder and Processing IC, etc.

Sun-Chien Chiu – General Manager

Chiu completed his education at National Taiwan University and has been a part of Realtek Semiconductor Corp since 1999. Apart from serving as the President of Realtek, he is also the board member of Wionics Technologies Inc.

SMIC

SMIC – The Largest Semiconductor Foundry Company in Mainland China.

SMIC is famous as a leading semiconductor foundry company across the globe for its advanced technology and comprehensive semiconductor manufacturing services. SMIC was born in 2000 in the Cayman Islands and is currently headquartered at Shanghai, China. Richard Chang Ru-gin is the founder of the company and Haijun Zhao is the latest CEO. SMIC Group primarily focuses on providing integrated circuit (IC) foundry and technology services related to it on a specific range of process nodes (350 nm to 14 nm). SMIC is well known in international markets including Europe, Japan, Taiwan, and the US.

Founding History of SMIC

SMIC was founded out of strong desires of Richard Chang to invest in the Chinese market as he believed that a booming economy will reestablish harmony in the nation. Twenty years ago, the semiconductor industry in mainland China wasn’t superior in the market and didn’t have any international standards. Before Richard established SMIC, his main target was to make mainland China a superpower which advanced tech in manufacturing semiconductors so that it can match up to the nations who are leading in it.

SMIC
Image source: www.mobileworldlive.com

Richard had big plans for his nation and this zeal drove him to finally establish SMIC in 2001 at Shanghai’s High-tech Zhangjiang Park located in Pudong New Area. SMIC became the first successful leading company from mainland China in the semiconductor industry to expand its market even in international grounds. And with the contributions made by Richard Chang he is known as the “father of the Chinese semiconductors.”

Uncertain Times

Initially, when company was established it became a limited liability company in the Cayman Islands. SMIC operated in a way that it was not responsible for the capital costs and the municipal government took care of it. When the company was eventually growing in the Chinese market, the Taiwanese were threatened by a potential emerging semiconductor superpower. They tried in several unethical ways to bring down the reputation of both SMIC and Richard Chang.

Only two years after founding the company, TSMC (world’s largest semiconductor foundry) filed a lawsuit against SMIC accusing it of obtaining TSMC’s trade secret and other infringement. But, Richard on the other hand worshipped the Chinese semiconductor sector and no matter what he wasn’t ready to give up. Chang’s determination is one of the reasons why China can compete with big nations like the US in the semiconductor market.

Growth and Expansion of SMIC

SMIC started making significant progress from the last decade starting with embarking on a joint venture in 2013. Next year, SilTech Shanghai, a wholly owned subsidiary of SMIC along with JCET, and China IC Fund signed a co-investment agreement for forming a consortium. This was formed for the proposed acquisition of a very valuable acquisition of STATS ChipPAC, a Singapore-based company. In 2015, SMIC entered into another joint venture with Huawei, Qualcomm, and IMEC International to form SMIC Advanced Technology Research & Development Corporation. SMIC built a very advanced R&D facility which aimed at designing China’s most advanced integrated circuit (IC). The partnership of company with other three companies mainly focused on developing 14 nm logic technology.

In 2016, company acquired 70% of the corporate capital of LFoundry S.r.l. €49 million. SMIC throughout the following years have focussed on establishing and maintaining strong relationships with other semiconductor corporations especially the ones based in China. The very idea behind founding SMIC was to strengthen China wholly as a superior semiconductor entity and it will continue if the companies remain united. In 2018, SMIC was investing 16 percent of sales in R&D and the company started building China’s first ever plant which aimed to use 14 nm production technology. Last year, China National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund and the Shanghai Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund made an investment of $2 billion in the company as a part of the Made in China 2025 Program.

About Richard Chang Ru-gin

Richard Chang is a famous person who is single handedly responsible for uplifting the semiconductor industry in China. At a very young age, Richard moved from Shanghai to Taiwan and later went to the US and acquired his PhD in electrical engineering from Texas. In 1977, Richard joined Texas Instruments ton emrak on his chipmaker career and was involved in the operations of the company in several nations. After entering the chip industry, his one and only goal was to make China catch up with the rest of the world in terms of cutting edge tech. So, in 1997 he came back to Taiwan and a few years later he established SMIC and created an empire for mainland China to embrace forever.