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Ray Kurzweil : The Tech Visionary who Invented the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Technology

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The world is filled with possibilities and opportunities to build a better future. Once in a while, there comes a genius or two, who turn tap into these right set of circumstances and changes the face of the planet as we know. Raymond a.k.a. Ray Kurzweil is one such eminent personality with a flair for creativity and erudition. Ray can be reflected as one of the brightest minds of our generation, who has given major contributions to the field of Artificial intelligence. He has written several books and published papers on the same. One of the most remarkable of his contributions is the invention of OCR (Optical Character Recognition). The journey of this astounding visionary has a lot of interesting aspects and a fair share of ups and downs. Then again, what value does success have unless it is achieved after a little bit of toil and grinds?

Early Life and Career

Born in the favourable soil of US, Ray Kurzweil received normal education at a regular public school in New York City. Even though he had much humble upbringing, Ray did show an inclination towards the world of science. He belonged to a musical family, but at a tender age of 5 years, Kurzweil decided to become a scientist. This was fueled by his increased penchant for electronic gadgets that he assembled now and then. At the age of 15, Ray wrote his very own computer programme, with the assistance of his uncle, who was a computer science engineer at Bell Labs.

Quite predictably, keeping up his momentum, the young genius got into the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he built software that helped students find appropriate colleges according to their academic credentials. The application was welcomed with great spirit, which was later, launched commercially in the name Select College Consulting Programme. This was soon bought by an educational publishing firm called Harcourt, Brace and World. The most fascinating part of the story is that Ray was just 20 when he first built a firm and sold it for a huge profit.

Journey as an Entrepreneur and Inventing OCR

Ray Kurzweil
Image Source: pinterest.com

Raymond graduated from MIT in lightning speed with dual degrees in Computer Science and English literature. Later on, Ray started his very own company named Kurzweil Computer Products, where he built something that changed how we read faces. The firm developed an Optical Character Reader, which was one of a kind idea. This led to the invention of the flatbed scanners, which also shook the technology industry like a whirlwind.

The Kurzweil Reading Machine was the name of his series of inventions and was successfully launched in collaboration with Bell Labs. The man was not just an inventor or a scientist, but also a great visionary with a big dream about the future. Ray was selling the OCR like hot pancakes, and eventually, sold his Kurzweil Products Company in the year of 1980. It went on to be renamed as ScanSoft and was later taken over by Xerox Corporation.

After Kurzweil Products Company

Ray went on to invent a couple of other remarkable products and services that managed to make the lives better for every user across the globe. One such invention was a programmable synthesizer that could correctly reproduce the sounds of musical instruments such as a piano, drums and many others. Ray even started a company named Kurzweil Music System to pursue this line of ideas. This could be attributed to the fact that he hails from a family full of musicians. Its first product was the Kurzweil 250, which was quickly approved by musicians all over the world.

Ray Kurzweil also developed speech recognition software alongside, which was also a huge success. Later on, he started focusing on Artificial Intelligence, and its future, and interestingly enough, authored books such as Robots and Beyond, Fantastic Voyage, etc.

Currently, Ray works for Google, at the request of the company co-founder Larry Page. Such an awe-spiring story, isn’t it? Once in a while, the earth is graced by super-intelligent beings such as Raymond Kurzweil. We can consider it a privilege to have born in this millennia and have a piece of his wisdom. Science makes earth easier to live in, while people like Ray, make it a better place to live in.

Reynolds Johnson – The Man Who Created the First Ever External Hard Disk

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Data storage – It certainly does not carve a niche in one’s mind. However, Imagine being able to save only 5 MB data in a machine that weighed a ton and measured a whole room. That machine was the start of a journey that has resulted in accommodating the technology to create better and higher standards of living. It was the first external Hard Disk ever invented. Well, and it was in 1952.

Reynolds B. Johnson was the ninth child of John and Elizabeth Reynolds and was born in Minnesota on July 7th,1906. He was a simple school going boy who displayed a keen interest in technical and mechanical sciences. Johnson was interested in workings of the machines and exhibited his ability to the world by creating and demonstrating a working model of a submarine in a horse trough. He graduated from one of the best private schools- Minnehaha Academy and went on to pursue a BS in Educational Administration as a part of his higher education from the University of Minnesota.

A teacher by profession, Johnson decided to return to his original occupation and improve its status quo. In 1932, Johnson had an idea to create a device that could grade the standardized tests and dissipate horrors associated with it. He tasked two of his pupils to work under his directions to create such a device. He called it the “mark-sense technology”, and this was the official start to his career as an inventor. Technology-giant IBM hired him as an engineer and bought rights over his invention. The company sold his test scoring machine from 1937 onwards. Other companies such as Bell System used mark sense technology to record calls, and utility companies used it to record meter readings. The government organizations used it under the name “electrographic” technology.

Since then, his role at IBM was not limited to an engineer, but further expanded, when he led a research team at IBM’s research laboratory, with the objective of improving current data storage and retrieval solutions. His ideas are being worked on even today.

He created a machine that could store data using aluminium and magnetic drums, making the first imprint of a data external storage device on the world. His inspiring work in the field of data storage made him known as the “Father of Hard Disk Drive”.

Johnson was one of the most influential inventors of this century. His life is marked with almost hundreds of patents relating to storage and technology. He was an influential figure in the toy industry, too. He implanted technology by inventing “microphotography” in simple toys. Fischer Price also used Johnson’s technology in their “Talk to my books”. He is also famous for creating handy videocassette tapes bettering the original ones made by Sony.

Johnson’s visionary mind was recognized throughout the world. He was a recipient of several awards such as Franklin Institute’s Certificate of Merit, in 1996, and the National Medal of Technology, in 1986. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers ( IEEE) established the “IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award” in 1991. The award is given to the inventors for their outstanding contributions.

Today, we dream of getting our desired things without making a splash in the water. It would be a disgrace if we do not remember a person who has provided the world with uncanny inventions, not only in the field of technology but also in the field of education. In 1966, Johnson made a bold prediction and a correct one, too, about the future of the education system: “The classroom of the future will be as different from today’s as the computer centre is different from the accounting room with its high stools of a few decades ago.” Such pioneering vision could only be compared to today’s Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos and Elon Musks.

Charles Simonyi : American Computer Businessman & the Genius Behind Microsoft’s Word-Excel

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Microsoft has a history of great inventors and developers to its credit. One of such inventors is Charles Simonyi, who is the no. 40 employee of Microsoft and is also the man behind Microsoft’s most profitable products, including Word and Excel. Though he is famous for his inventions in the programming and development industry, he is also known as the only space traveller who has been to space twice. He is a philanthropist and a supporter of arts and science initiatives, too.

Early Life

Simonyi was born on 10 September 1948, in Budapest Hungary. His father Károly Simonyi was a Hungarian physicist and writer, who also worked as a professor of electrical engineering at the Technical University of Budapest.

Charles Simonyi
Image Source: hungarytoday

It was during his high school when he started working part-time as a night watchman at a computer laboratory and developed an interest in computers and programming. One of the computer engineers, from the lab, also started teaching him the basics of computers and by the end of his school, Simonyi mastered a few programming languages.

When he was 17, he moved to Denmark with a short-term visa and started working for A/S Regnecentralen. As a result, he got his visa extended, and he never went back to Hungary.

Career

In 1968, Simonyi moved to the US and joined the University of California, Berkeley, to pursue a B.S. degree in Engineering Mathematics & Statistics. As soon he completed his education, he got the opportunity to work with the Xerox PARC, where he worked in the development of one of the first personal computers Xerox Alto. And eventually, ended up inventing the first WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get) text editor named Bravo, along with his co-worker Lampson.

In 1977, while working at Xerox, he received a PhD in computer science from Stanford University.

In 1981, Simonyi left Xerox and was hired by Microsoft to start an applications group at Microsoft. The first application he built was a WYSIWYG word processor, and Microsoft’s most valuable applications Word and Excel are the outcomes of the same application. It was Simonyi who introduced Microsoft with the concept of metaprogramming and OOPs which he learnt at Xerox. He also developed the “Hungarian notation convention” for naming variables, which was the part of his doctoral thesis and has been widely used inside Microsoft.

In 2002, Simonyi left Microsft to found Intentional Software, a company marketing the intentional programming concepts, along with co-founder Gregor Kiczales. The company works on developing designs tools and platforms, which programmers focus on capturing the intent of users and designers.

Simonyi was awarded the Wharton Infosys Business Transformation Award for the industry-wide impact of his innovative work in information technology, in 2004. Microsoft acquired Intentional Software in April 2017.

Personal Life

Simonyi married 32 years younger Lisa Persdotter, in November 2008, in a personal ceremony. He lives in Medina, Washington, in his modern design villa, Villa Simonyi. He is fond of collecting paintings.

During 2006, Simonyi became interested in becoming a space tourist and took proper training for that. He signed agreements with the space tourism company, Space Adventures, Ltd., for a ten-day mission to the International Space Station (ISS) and rode a Soyuz TMA-10, on 7 April 2007, along with two Russian cosmonauts. On 26 March 2009, he went on his second trip to space aboard Soyuz TMA-14, becoming the only space traveller to have gone into space twice.

Simonyi and his wife both actively participate in philanthropy works, and in 2003 started a charitable organisation The Charles and Lisa Simonyi Fund for Arts and Sciences, to which Simonyi has donated over millions of dollars. In January 2004, Simonyi also started the Charles Simonyi Fund.

As an inventor, Simonyi currently holds 11 patents to his name.